ZAMANLAR İNGİLİZCE

ZAMANLAR İNGİLİZCE
A/AN
A CHANGES TO AN BEFORE ANY WORD BEGİNNİNG WİTH A VOWEL SOUND
A BOOK AN APPLE
A MAN AN OLD MAN
IT İS A LOVELY DAY
IT İS AN ONE-STORY BUİLDİNG.
THE
WE USE THE WHEN THE OTHER PERSON KNOWS WHO OR WHAT WE ARE TALKİNG ABOUT:
THE MUSEUM İS VERY İNTERESTİNG.
MY CAT İS İN THE GARDEN.
THIS/THAT:THESE/THOSE
THIS INDICATES THAT SOMETHING IS NEAR US THAT INDICATES THAT IT IS AT A DISTANCE.
THIS BOOK İS İN MY HAND
THAT BOOK İS OVER THERE ON THE TABLE
THE PLURAL NOUNS OF THİS İS THESE THE PLURAL OF THAT İS THOSE
THESE BOOKS ARE İN MY HAND.
THOSE BOOKS ARE OVER THERE ON THE TABLE.
SOME/ANY
WE USE SOME İN AFFİRMATİVE SENTENCES WE USE ANY İN NEGATİVE SENTENCES.
HE TOOK SOME BOOKS HOME WİTH HİM.
HE DİD NOT TAKE ANY BOOKS HOME WİTH HİM.
HAVE GOT/HAS GOT
I = HE
YOU = HAVE SHE HAS
WE = IT
THEY =
THEY HAVE A NEW CAR. THEY HAVE NOT A NEW CAR.
SHE HAS ONE SİSTER AND TWO BROTHERS. SHE HAS NOT ONE SİSTER AND TWO BROTHER
IMPERATIVE FORM
WE USE THE İMPERATİVE FORM TO EXPRESS A COMMAND OR REQUEST.THE SUBJECT YOU İS UNDER STOOD BUT NOT EXPRESSED.
COME BACK LATER.
WAİT OUTSİDE.
WE FROM THE NEGATIVE İMPERATİVE WİTH DON’T.
DON’T COME BACK LATER.
DON’T WAİT OUTSİDE.
WE USE PLEASE AT THE BEGİNNİNG OR END OF AN İMPERATİVE SENTENCE TO MAKE İT MORE POLİTE.
PLEASE COME BACK LATER.
WAİT OUTSİDE,PLEASE.
CAN/CAN’T
BU YARDIMCI FİİL ŞİMDİ’Yİ DE İÇİNE ALAN GENİŞ ZAMANDA VEYA GELECEK ZAMANDA BİR EYLEMİ YAPMAYA GÜCÜMÜZÜN YETİP YETMEDİĞİNİNİ,ELİMİZDEN GELİP GELMEDİĞİNİ,YA DA BİR ŞEYİN MÜMKÜN OLUP OLMADIĞINI ANLATMAK İÇİN KULLANILIR.
I CAN OPEN THIS BOOK.
CAN’T YOU COME WITH ME?(BENİMLE GELEMEZ MİSİN)
I CAN’T BE TRUE(O GERÇEK OLAMAZ)
CAN YOU LEND ME A HUNDRED LİRA?
MUST/MUSTN’T
WE USE MUST+İNFİNİTİVE WİTHOUT TO TO SAY THAT SOMETHİNG İS NECESSARY AND İMPORTANT.
I MUST REVİSE FOR MY EXAMS.
YOU MUST GO TO BED NOW.
YOU MUSTN’T FEED THE ANİMALS.
POSSESSIVE FORM OF NOUNS
WHEN A NOUN DOES NOT END İN S,WE FORM THE POSSESSIVE BY ADDING ‘S.
THE BOY THE BOY’S HAT
IF A NOUN ALREADY ENDS İN S,WE FORM THE POSSESSIVE BY ADDING ONLY A APOSTROPHE.
THE BOYS THE BOYS’ HATS
NOTE THAT THE NOUN MODİFİED BY THE POSSESSIVE İS OFTEN NOT EXPRESSED.
HE WENT TO JOHN’S(JOHN’S HOME)
I AM GOİNG TO THE DENTIST’S.(THE DENTIST’S OFFICE)
OBJECT PRONOUNS
ME US
YOU YOU
HİM
HER THEM
İT
WE USE OBJECT PRONOUNS AS DİRECT OR İNDİRECT OBJECTS OR AS OBJECTS OF PREPOSİTİONS.
I KNOW HİM WELL
HE GİVES HER MANY PRESENTS.
I LİVE NEAR THEM.
THERE IS/THERE ARE
WE USE THERE IS WITH SINGILAR NOUNS;WE USE THERE ARE WITH PLURAL NOUNS.
THERE IS A BOOK ON THE TABLE THERE ARE BOOKS ON THE TABLE.
THERE IS ONE MAN IN THE ROOM. THERE ARE SEVERAL MEN İN THE ROOM.
THERE İS NOT A MAN İN THE ROOM. THERE ARE NOT TWO STUDENTS ABSENT TODAY
IS THERE AWINDOW IN THE ROOM. ARE THERE MAGAZİNES ON THE TABLE?
MUST/HAVE TO
WE USE MUST OR HAVE TO TO EXPRESS NECESSİTY OR STRONG OBLİGATİON.
YOU MUST GO HOME
JOHN MUST WORK TONİGHT.
YOU HAVE TO GO HOME.
JOHN HAS TO GO HOME.
COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
WE FORM THE COMPARATIVE DEGREE OF ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES BY ADDING ER.
COLD COLDER
BRİGHT BRİGHTER.
WE USUALLY FORM THE COMPARATIVE DEGREE OF ADJECTIVES WITH MORE THAN TWO SYLLABLES BY USİNG MORE.
DİFFİCULT MORE DİFFİCULT
BEAUTİFUL MORE BEAUTİFUL
GOOD AND BAD HAVE SPECİAL COMPARATIVE FORMS
GOOD BETTER
BAD WORSE
WE FORM THE SUPRLATIVE DEGREE OF ONE-SYLLABLE ADJECTIVES BY ADDING EST.
COLD COLDEST
BRİGHT BRİGHTEST
WE USUALLY FORM THE SUPERLATIVE DEGREE OF ADJECTIVES WITH MORE THAN TWO SYLLABLES BY USİNG MOST.
DİFFİCULT MOST DİFFİCULT
BEAUTİFUL MOST BEAUTİFUL
GOOD AND BAD HAVE SPECİAL SUPRLATIVE FORMS.
GOOD THE BEST
BAD THE WORST.
SHOULD/OUGHT TO
SHOULD AND OUGHT TO EXPRESS OBLİGATİON.THEY HAVE THE SANE MEANİNG AND CAN BE USED İNTERCHANGEABLY.SHOULD İS MORE COMMON THAN OUGHT TO
HE SHOULD SPEND MORE TIME ON HIS HOMEWORK
HE OUGHT TO SPEND MORE TIME ON HIS HOMEWORK.
YOU SHOULD NOT SMOKE SO MUCH.
YOU OUGHT NOT TO SMOKE SO MUCH.
THE PASSIVE
WE FORM THE PASSIVE OF PRESENT,PAST,AND FUTURE TENSE SENTENCES WITH THE APPROPRİATE FORM OF TO BE AND THE PAST PARTİCİPLE OF THE MAİN VERB.
ACTIVE PASSIVE
JOHN DELIVERS THE MAIL THE MAİL İS DELİVERED BY JOHN
JOHN DELIVERED THE MAİL. THE MAİL WAS DELİVERED BY JOHN.
JOHN WİLL DELİVER THE MAİL. THE MAİL WİLL BE DELİVERED BY JOHN.
WE FORM THE PASSIVE OF PRESENT PERFECT SENTENCES WİTH HAVE BEEN AND THE PAST PARTİCİPLE OF THE MAİN VERB.
JOHN HAS DELİVERED THE MAİL.
THE MAİL HAS BEEN DELİVERED BY JOHN.
EITHER/NEITHER
WE USE TOO AND SO TO AVOİD REPETİTİON İN AFFİRMATİVE SENTENCES;WE USE EİTHER AND NEİTHER TO AVOİD REPETİTİON İN NEGATİVE SENTENCES.
HE DOESN’T SPEAK ENGLİSH AND SHE DOES NOT EİTHER
HE DOES NOT SPEAK ENGLİSH AND NEİTHER DOES SHE.
I DİD NOT GO TO NEW YORK AND JOHN DİD NOT EİTHER.
I DİD NOT GO TO NEW YORK AND NEİTHER DİD JOHN.
MUCH/MANY
WE USE MUCH WİTH NOUNS THAT DESCRİBE THİNGS THAT CANNOT BE COUNTED.THESE NOUNS DO NOT NORMALLY HAVE PLURAL NOUNS.
MUCH SUGAR
MUCH RAİN
MUCH COFFEE
WE USE MANY WİTH THE PLURAL FORM OF NOUNS THAT DESCRİBE COUNTABLE OBJECTS.
MANY BOOKS
MANY STUDENTS
MANY FRİENDS
MUCH AND MONEY ARE GENERALLY USED İN NEGATIVE SENTENCES OR QUESTİONS.
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